Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Biology ⇒ Ecology and Environment
Energy Flow in Ecosystems starts at 7 and continues till grade 12.
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A forest ecosystem has the following energy values: Producers: 50,000 kJ, Primary consumers: 5,000 kJ, Secondary consumers: 500 kJ. What is the energy transfer efficiency from producers to primary consumers?
A grassland ecosystem has a GPP of 20,000 kJ/m²/year and plant respiration accounts for 8,000 kJ/m²/year. What is the NPP?
Calculate the amount of energy available to secondary consumers if the producers in an ecosystem capture 10,000 kJ of energy from the sun. Assume 10% energy transfer efficiency at each trophic level.
Describe how energy flow in aquatic ecosystems can differ from that in terrestrial ecosystems.
Describe the consequences of removing a top predator from an ecosystem in terms of energy flow.
Describe what happens to the energy that is not transferred to the next trophic level.
Explain the concept of 'biological magnification' and its relation to energy flow.
Explain the difference between a food chain and a food web.
Explain why energy pyramids are always upright, but pyramids of biomass or numbers can sometimes be inverted.
Explain why food chains rarely have more than four or five trophic levels.
Explain why the Sun is considered the ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems.
In a food chain: Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Hawk, which organism is the tertiary consumer?
In a marine ecosystem, phytoplankton are considered ________.
In a scenario where a pesticide is introduced at the producer level, explain how energy flow affects the concentration of the pesticide at higher trophic levels.
What is meant by the term 'trophic level'?
What is net primary productivity (NPP)?
What is the role of decomposers in the energy flow of an ecosystem?
What is the typical percentage of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem?
Which law of thermodynamics explains why energy transfer in ecosystems is inefficient?
Which trophic level contains the most energy in an ecosystem?
