Evolutionary Relationships
Biology ⇒ Evolution and Diversity
Evolutionary Relationships starts at 9 and continues till grade 12.
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A phylogenetic tree shows that species A and B share a more recent common ancestor with each other than with species C. What does this indicate about their evolutionary relationship?
A scientist is comparing the DNA sequences of two species and finds a 5% difference. What does this suggest about their evolutionary relationship?
Describe how comparative anatomy can provide evidence for evolutionary relationships.
Describe how fossil evidence can be used to infer evolutionary relationships.
A phylogenetic tree shows that species A and B share a more recent common ancestor with each other than with species C. What does this indicate about their evolutionary relationship?
A scientist is comparing the DNA sequences of two species and finds a 5% difference. What does this suggest about their evolutionary relationship?
A researcher is constructing a phylogenetic tree using both morphological and molecular data. Explain one potential conflict that might arise between these two types of data and how it could affect the interpretation of evolutionary relationships.
A scientist is analyzing the amino acid sequences of a particular protein in four different species. She finds that Species X and Y have only 2 differences, Species X and Z have 8 differences, and Species X and W have 15 differences. Based on this data, which species is most closely related to Species X?
Which molecular evidence is most commonly used to determine evolutionary relationships? (1) Protein structure (2) DNA sequence similarity (3) Cell size (4) Number of offspring
Which of the following best defines a clade? (1) A group of organisms that share a common ancestor (2) A group of organisms with similar diets (3) A group of organisms living in the same habitat (4) A group of organisms with the same number of chromosomes
Which of the following best describes a paraphyletic group? (1) Includes all descendants of a common ancestor (2) Includes some but not all descendants of a common ancestor (3) Includes species with no common ancestor (4) Includes only extinct species
Which of the following best describes a phylogenetic tree? (1) A diagram showing the feeding relationships among organisms (2) A diagram showing evolutionary relationships among species (3) A chart of population sizes over time (4) A map of animal migration routes
Fill in the blank: A __________ is a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.
Fill in the blank: Structures that perform similar functions but have different evolutionary origins are called __________ structures.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the most recent common ancestor of all organisms in a clade.
Fill in the blank: The branch point on a phylogenetic tree represents a __________ event.
Homologous structures in different species indicate a common ancestry. True or False?
True or False: All analogous structures are the result of convergent evolution.
True or False: All members of a clade must share at least one derived characteristic.
True or False: All organisms in a monophyletic group share a single common ancestor.
