Phylogenetic Trees
Biology ⇒ Evolution and Diversity
Phylogenetic Trees starts at 10 and continues till grade 12.
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See sample questions for grade 11
A phylogenetic tree shows that species A and B share a more recent common ancestor with each other than with species C. What does this imply about their evolutionary relationship?
A scientist is comparing DNA sequences of four species to construct a phylogenetic tree. What type of data is she using?
Describe the difference between homologous and analogous traits in the context of phylogenetic trees.
Describe the difference between rooted and unrooted phylogenetic trees.
Describe what is meant by a 'basal taxon' in a phylogenetic tree.
Explain the importance of using multiple genes or traits when constructing a phylogenetic tree.
A phylogenetic tree shows that species A and B share a more recent common ancestor with each other than with species C. What does this imply about their evolutionary relationship?
A scientist is comparing DNA sequences of four species to construct a phylogenetic tree. What type of data is she using?
Which of the following best describes a polyphyletic group?
(1) Includes a common ancestor and all its descendants
(2) Includes species with different ancestors
(3) Includes a common ancestor and some descendants
(4) Includes only extinct species
Which of the following best describes the root of a phylogenetic tree?
(1) The most recent common ancestor of all taxa in the tree
(2) The oldest known fossil
(3) The branch with the most species
(4) The outgroup
Which of the following is a limitation of phylogenetic trees?
(1) They can show evolutionary relationships
(2) They can predict future evolution
(3) They may not show the exact timing of divergence
(4) They are always correct
Which of the following is a synapomorphy?
(1) A trait found only in one species
(2) A trait shared by all members of a clade and their common ancestor
(3) A trait that evolved independently in two lineages
(4) A trait lost in all descendants
Fill in the blank: A _______ group contains a common ancestor and some, but not all, of its descendants.
Fill in the blank: A _______ is a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships but does not indicate the amount of evolutionary change.
Fill in the blank: A _______ is a group that includes an ancestor and all its descendants.
Fill in the blank: In a phylogenetic tree, a _______ is a branch that leads to a single taxon.
True or False: A paraphyletic group includes all descendants of a common ancestor.
True or False: All branches in a phylogenetic tree are of equal length.
True or False: All phylogenetic trees are based on genetic data.
True or False: All phylogenetic trees are rooted.
