Genetic Variation
Biology ⇒ Genetics and Heredity
Genetic Variation starts at 9 and continues till grade 12.
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Define genetic drift.
Describe how gene flow can increase genetic variation in a population.
Describe how random fertilization contributes to genetic variation.
Describe one way in which genetic drift can reduce genetic variation in a population.
Describe the role of independent assortment in generating genetic variation.
Explain how crossing over during meiosis increases genetic variation.
Explain how mutations can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful.
A population of 100 individuals has two alleles for a gene: A and a. If 60 individuals are AA, 30 are Aa, and 10 are aa, what is the frequency of allele a?
Which of the following best describes a mutation?
(1) A change in the DNA sequence
(2) The movement of genes between populations
(3) The selection of certain traits
(4) The fusion of gametes
Which of the following best describes a population bottleneck?
(1) A sudden reduction in population size
(2) The introduction of new alleles
(3) The formation of new species
(4) The migration of individuals
Which of the following is a direct result of mutation?
(1) New alleles
(2) New species
(3) New populations
(4) New environments
Which of the following is an example of a neutral mutation?
(1) A mutation that causes a disease
(2) A mutation that has no effect on the organism's fitness
(3) A mutation that increases survival
(4) A mutation that is lethal
Fill in the blank: The exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids during meiosis is called __________.
Fill in the blank: The Hardy-Weinberg principle describes a population that is __________.
Fill in the blank: The observable characteristics of an organism are known as its __________.
Fill in the blank: The process by which allele frequencies change due to chance events is called __________.
True or False: All genetic variation is visible in the phenotype.
True or False: All mutations are harmful to an organism.
True or False: Environmental factors can influence the expression of genetic variation.
True or False: Genetic variation can be increased by the introduction of new individuals into a population.
