Acid-Base Theories
Chemistry ⇒ Acids, Bases, and Salts
Acid-Base Theories starts at 9 and continues till grade 12.
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Define a conjugate acid-base pair according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory.
Describe the main difference between the Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis definitions of acids and bases.
Describe the role of water in the self-ionization reaction: 2H2O ⇌ H3O+ + OH-.
Describe the term 'amphoteric' and give an example.
Describe the role of water in the self-ionization reaction: 2H2O ⇌ H3O+ + OH-.
Fill in the blank: In the reaction NH4+ + OH- → NH3 + H2O, the conjugate acid is ________.
In the reaction: HCl + H2O → H3O+ + Cl-, identify the Brønsted-Lowry acid.
In the reaction: HSO4- + H2O → SO42- + H3O+, what role does HSO4- play?
Which of the following best describes a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
(1) A substance that donates a proton (H+)
(2) A substance that accepts a proton (H+)
(3) A substance that donates an electron pair
(4) A substance that accepts an electron pair
Which of the following is a correct statement about the Arrhenius theory?
(1) It explains acid-base behavior in all solvents
(2) It defines acids as substances that increase H+ concentration in water
(3) It includes electron pair transfer
(4) It applies to gaseous reactions
Which of the following is a Lewis acid?
(1) BF3
(2) NH3
(3) Cl-
(4) H2O
Which of the following is a Lewis base?
(1) NH3
(2) HCl
(3) Na+
(4) SO3
According to the Arrhenius theory, acids produce ________ ions in aqueous solution.
Fill in the blank: A substance that can act as both an acid and a base is called ________.
Fill in the blank: According to Arrhenius, a base increases the concentration of ________ ions in aqueous solution.
Fill in the blank: In the reaction NH3 + H2O → NH4+ + OH-, NH3 acts as a ________ according to Brønsted-Lowry theory.
True or False: According to the Lewis theory, all Brønsted-Lowry acids are also Lewis acids.
True or False: All Arrhenius bases are also Brønsted-Lowry bases.
True or False: All Brønsted-Lowry acids are also Arrhenius acids.
True or False: All Lewis acids contain hydrogen.
