Allotropes of Matter
Chemistry ⇒ States of Matter
Allotropes of Matter starts at 9 and continues till grade 12.
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Describe the arrangement of atoms in graphite and explain how this affects its physical properties.
Describe the process by which white phosphorus can be converted to red phosphorus.
Describe the structural difference between diamond and graphite.
Describe the structure of buckminsterfullerene (C60).
Explain why diamond is transparent while graphite is opaque.
Explain why graphite can conduct electricity but diamond cannot.
Explain why ozone is less stable than dioxygen.
Consider the following scenario: A chemist is attempting to synthesize a new allotrope of carbon with both high electrical conductivity and high hardness. Based on your knowledge of existing carbon allotropes, discuss the challenges the chemist might face and suggest possible structural features that could achieve this goal.
Which of the following best describes the difference between allotropes and isotopes?
(1) Allotropes have different numbers of protons, isotopes have different structures.
(2) Allotropes have different structures, isotopes have different numbers of neutrons.
(3) Allotropes are different elements, isotopes are the same element.
(4) Allotropes have different atomic numbers, isotopes have different atomic masses.
Which of the following elements does NOT exhibit allotropy?
(1) Carbon
(2) Sulfur
(3) Sodium
(4) Phosphorus
Which of the following is a correct statement about allotropes?
(1) They have different atomic numbers.
(2) They have different molecular formulas.
(3) They have different arrangements of atoms.
(4) They are always found in the gaseous state.
Which of the following is a property of black phosphorus?
(1) It is highly reactive in air
(2) It is a good electrical conductor
(3) It glows in the dark
(4) It is used in matchsticks
Fill in the blank: The allotrope of carbon that is the hardest known natural material is __________.
Fill in the blank: The allotrope of carbon used in pencils is __________.
Fill in the blank: The allotrope of carbon with a cage-like structure is called __________.
Fill in the blank: The allotrope of oxygen that protects the Earth from ultraviolet radiation is __________.
True or False: Allotropes are different structural forms of the same element in the same physical state.
True or False: Allotropes can exist in different physical states (solid, liquid, gas) at the same temperature and pressure.
True or False: Allotropes can have different densities.
True or False: Allotropes must have different chemical properties.
