Earth’s Structure and Layers
Physics ⇒ Earth and Space Physics
Earth’s Structure and Layers starts at 6 and continues till grade 12.
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Describe how the temperature and pressure change as you move from the Earth's crust to the core.
Describe the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere.
Describe the main differences between the Earth's oceanic crust and continental crust.
Explain how the movement of the asthenosphere affects tectonic plates.
Explain the significance of the Gutenberg discontinuity in Earth's structure.
Calculate the approximate thickness of the Earth's crust if the average thickness of continental crust is 35 km and oceanic crust is 7 km. If the Earth's surface is 30% land and 70% ocean, what is the average crustal thickness?
If the radius of the Earth is approximately 6371 km and the crust is on average 15 km thick, what percentage of Earth's radius does the crust represent? (Round to two decimal places)
A seismic wave travels at 8 km/s through the mantle and slows down to 5 km/s upon entering the outer core. What does this change in velocity suggest about the physical state and composition of the outer core compared to the mantle?
The asthenosphere is best described as:
(1) A rigid, brittle layer
(2) A semi-fluid, plastic-like layer
(3) A solid metallic layer
(4) A gaseous layer
Which of the following best describes the composition of the Earth's mantle?
(1) Mostly iron and nickel
(2) Silicate minerals rich in magnesium and iron
(3) Pure carbon
(4) Water and gases
Which of the following best explains why the inner core remains solid despite extremely high temperatures?
(1) It is made of rock
(2) The pressure is so high that atoms cannot move into a liquid state
(3) It is cooled by the mantle
(4) It is exposed to space
Which of the following is NOT a property of the Earth's outer core?
(1) It is liquid
(2) It generates Earth's magnetic field
(3) It is composed mainly of silicate rocks
(4) It lies beneath the mantle
Fill in the blank: The boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle is called the _______.
Fill in the blank: The Earth's _______ is the only layer that is completely liquid.
Fill in the blank: The Earth's _______ is the thinnest of all its layers.
Fill in the blank: The process by which heat is transferred through the mantle is called _______.
True or False: S-waves can travel through both solids and liquids.
True or False: The Earth's inner core is solid due to the immense pressure at the center of the Earth.
True or False: The Earth's mantle extends from the base of the crust to the outer core.
True or False: The lithosphere is broken into tectonic plates that move over the asthenosphere.
