Volcanoes and Volcanic Activity
Physics ⇒ Earth and Space Physics
Volcanoes and Volcanic Activity starts at 7 and continues till grade 12.
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Describe how volcanic eruptions can lead to the formation of fertile soils.
Describe the process of magma formation at subduction zones.
Describe the relationship between the silica content of magma and its viscosity.
Describe two methods used to monitor volcanic activity.
Explain how the presence of water in subducting oceanic plates influences magma formation.
Explain the difference between an active, dormant, and extinct volcano.
A volcanic eruption releases 2.0 × 1010 J of thermal energy. If this energy is used to heat 1.0 × 108 kg of water from 20°C to 100°C (specific heat capacity of water = 4,200 J/kg·K), is the energy sufficient to bring all the water to boiling point?
A volcano erupts and releases 1.5 × 1012 kg of ash into the atmosphere. If the average density of the ash is 900 kg/m3, calculate the approximate volume of ash released.
Which of the following best describes a pyroclastic flow?
(1) A slow-moving lava flow
(2) A fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter
(3) A cloud of volcanic ash in the upper atmosphere
(4) A stream of water from a volcanic crater
Which of the following best explains why volcanic ash can disrupt air travel?
(1) Ash is highly magnetic
(2) Ash can damage jet engines
(3) Ash is radioactive
(4) Ash increases air pressure
Which of the following gases is most abundant in volcanic emissions?
(1) Carbon dioxide
(2) Sulfur dioxide
(3) Water vapor
(4) Methane
Which of the following is a primary effect of a volcanic eruption?
(1) Tsunami
(2) Lava flow
(3) Landslide
(4) Acid rain
A volcano that has not erupted in recorded history but may erupt again in the future is called a(n) ________ volcano.
Fill in the blank: The Hawaiian Islands are an example of a ________ chain formed by a hotspot.
The Ring of Fire is located around the ________ Ocean.
The Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) is used to measure the ________ of volcanic eruptions.
True or False: All volcanoes are located at plate boundaries.
True or False: Hotspots are areas of volcanic activity that occur away from plate boundaries.
True or False: The viscosity of magma affects the explosiveness of a volcanic eruption.
True or False: Volcanic eruptions can only have negative impacts on the environment.
