Thermal Equilibrium
Physics ⇒ Heat and Thermodynamics
Thermal Equilibrium starts at 8 and continues till grade 12.
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See sample questions for grade 10
A 2 kg block of iron at 100 °C is placed in 1 kg of water at 20 °C. If no heat is lost to the surroundings, what is the final temperature when thermal equilibrium is reached? (Specific heat of iron = 450 J/kg·K, water = 4200 J/kg·K)
A 200 g piece of metal at 120 °C is placed in 100 g of water at 20 °C. The final temperature is 30 °C. If the specific heat of the metal is 400 J/kg·K, calculate the heat gained by the water. (Specific heat of water = 4200 J/kg·K)
A 500 g block of copper at 150 °C is placed in 1 kg of water at 25 °C. If the final temperature is 30 °C, calculate the amount of heat lost by the copper. (Specific heat of copper = 390 J/kg·K)
A metal block at 80 °C is placed in water at 20 °C. After some time, both reach 30 °C. What is the final state called?
A scientist places a thermometer in a beaker of liquid. After a few minutes, the thermometer reads a constant value. What does this indicate about the thermometer and the liquid?
Describe a real-life situation where thermal equilibrium is reached.
Describe what happens to the net heat flow between two objects once they reach thermal equilibrium.
Explain why a thermometer works based on the concept of thermal equilibrium.
Explain why heat transfer stops when thermal equilibrium is reached.
Explain why two objects of different materials but at the same temperature are in thermal equilibrium.
If a hot cup of tea is left in a room, what will eventually happen to its temperature?
If two objects are in thermal equilibrium with a third object, what can you say about their temperatures?
State the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics.
What is meant by thermal equilibrium?
Why is the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics important in temperature measurement?
A 300 g aluminum block at 90 °C is placed in 200 g of oil at 30 °C inside an insulated container. If the final equilibrium temperature is 50 °C, calculate the specific heat capacity of the oil. (Specific heat of aluminum = 900 J/kg·K)
A 400 g block of lead at 120 °C is placed in 600 g of water at 25 °C. If the final temperature is 28 °C, calculate the amount of heat transferred to the water. (Specific heat of lead = 130 J/kg·K, water = 4200 J/kg·K)
A scientist places three objects, A, B, and C, in thermal contact. If A and B reach thermal equilibrium at 40 °C, and B and C reach thermal equilibrium at 40 °C, what can you conclude about the temperatures of A and C?
Describe how the concept of thermal equilibrium is applied in the calibration of thermometers.
Explain, using the concept of microscopic particle motion, what happens at the molecular level when two substances at different temperatures are brought into contact and reach thermal equilibrium.
